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What is Breathing?

Q. What is breathing? Ans. Breathing is an external process, in this process inhale of air and exhale of air. Or  Breathing (or ventilation) is the process of moving air into and out of the lungs to facilitate gas exchange with the internal environment, mostly by bringing in oxygen and flushing out carbon dioxide.   Breathing is also known as external respiration. It is part of respiration but not internal or cellular respiration. The process of breathing does not fill the alveoli with atmospheric air during each inhalation (about 350 ml per breath), but the inhaled air is carefully diluted and thoroughly mixed with a large volume of gas (about 2.5 liters in adult humans) known as the functional residual capacity which remains in the lungs after each exhalation, and whose gaseous composition differs markedly from that of the ambient air . Physiological respiration involves the mechanisms that ensure that the composition of the fu
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Reproduction by Gemmule. Gemmulation.



  Reproduction by Gemmule (Gemmulation)

o    The internal buds, which are formed by the freshwater sponges are called as gemmules are touch and coated with a dormant cluster of embryonic cells.
o    Freshwater sponges are multi-cellular, marine living species of a Kingdom Phylum- Porifera.
o    Gemmules are usually found in a round ball like structure, along with a central mass of amoeboid cells and a thick peripheral layer of a small siliceous spicule.









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